Joe DiMaggio
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| Joe DiMaggio | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Center fielder | |
| Born: November 25, 1914 Martinez, California | |
| Died: March 8, 1999 (aged 84) Hollywood, Florida | |
| Batted: Right | Threw: Right |
| MLB debut | |
| May 3, 1936 for the New York Yankees | |
| Last MLB appearance | |
| September 30, 1951 for the New York Yankees | |
| Career statistics | |
| Batting average | .325 |
| Hits | 2,214 |
| Home runs | 361 |
| Runs batted in | 1,537 |
| Teams | |
| Career highlights and awards | |
| |
| Member of the National | |
 Baseball Hall of Fame | |
| Induction | 1955 |
| Vote | 88.84% (third ballot: first eligible in 1953) |
DiMaggio was a 3-time MVP winner and 13-time All-Star (the only player to be selected for the All-Star Game in every season he played). In his thirteen year career, the Yankees won ten pennants and nine world championships. At the time of his retirement, he had the fifth-most career home runs (361) and sixth-highest slugging percentage (.579) in history. He is perhaps best known for his 56-game hitting streak (May 15–July 16, 1941), a record that still stands.[1] A 1969 poll conducted to coincide with the centennial of professional baseball voted him the sport's greatest living player.[2]
Contents[show] |
[edit] Early life
DiMaggio was born in Martinez, California, the eighth of nine children born to immigrants from Italy, Giuseppe (1872–1949) and Rosalia (Mercurio) DiMaggio (1878–1951). He was delivered by a midwife identified on his birth certificate as Mrs. J. Pico. He was named after his father; "Paolo" was in honor of Giuseppe's favorite saint, Saint Paul. The family moved to San Francisco, California when Joe was one year old.Giuseppe was a fisherman, as were generations of DiMaggios before him. DiMaggio's brother, Tom, told biographer Maury Allen that Rosalia's father, also a fisherman, wrote to her that Giuseppe could earn a better living in California than in their native Isola delle Femmine. After being processed on Ellis Island, he worked his way across America, eventually settling near Rosalia's father in Pittsburg, California. After four years, he was able to earn enough money to send for her and their daughter, who was born after he had left for the United States.
It was Giuseppe's hope that his five sons would become fishermen.[3] DiMaggio recalled that he would do anything to get out of cleaning his father's boat, as the smell of dead fish nauseated him. Giuseppe called him "lazy" and "good for nothing"
DiMaggio was playing semi-pro ball when older brother Vince DiMaggio, playing for the San Francisco Seals, talked his manager into letting DiMaggio fill in at shortstop; he made his professional debut on October 1, 1932. From May 27 – July 25, 1933, he got at least one hit in a PCL-record 61 consecutive games:[4] "Baseball didn't really get into my blood until I knocked off that hitting streak. Getting a daily hit became more important to me than eating, drinking or sleeping."
In 1934, his career almost ended. Going to his sister's house for dinner, he tore the ligaments in his left knee while stepping out of a jitney. The Seals, at the time were hoping to sell DiMaggio's contract for $100,000. Scout Bill Essick of the New York Yankees, was convinced the Joe could overcome his knee injury and pestered the club to give DiMaggio another look. After DiMaggio passed a test on his knee, he was bought on November 21 for $25,000 and 5 players, with the Seals keeping him for the 1935 season. He batted .398 with 154 RBIs and 34 HRs, led the Seals to the 1935 PCL title, and was named the League's Most Valuable Player.
[edit] "The Yankee Clipper"
 | |
| Joe DiMaggio's number 5 was retired by the New York Yankees in 1952. |
Hank Greenberg told SPORT magazine in its September 1949 issue that DiMaggio covered so much ground in center field that the only way to get a hit against the Yankees was "to hit 'em where Joe wasn't." DiMaggio also stole home five times in his career.
Through May 2009 DiMaggio was tied for third all-time with Mark McGwire in home runs over his first two calendar years in the major leagues (77), behind Phillies Hall of Famer Chuck Klein (83) and Milwaukee Brewers' Ryan Braun (79).[5]
DiMaggio was nicknamed the "Yankee Clipper" by Yankee's stadium announcer Arch McDonald in 1939 when he likened DiMaggio's speed and range in the outfield to the then new Pan American airliner [6]
On February 7, 1949, DiMaggio signed a record contract worth $100,000 ($70,000 plus bonuses), and became the first baseball player to break $100,000 in earnings. After a poor 1951 season, a scouting report by the Brooklyn Dodgers that was turned over to the New York Giants and leaked to the press, and various injuries, DiMaggio announced his retirement on December 11, 1951.[7] When remarking on his retirement to the Sporting News on December 19, 1951, he said
"I feel like I have reached the stage where I can no longer produce for my club, my manager, and my teammates. I had a poor year, but even if I had hit .350, this would have been my last year. I was full of aches and pains and it had become a chore for me to play. When baseball is no longer fun, it's no longer a game, and so, I've played my last game."
He might have had better power-hitting statistics had his home park not been Yankee Stadium. As "The House That Ruth Built", its nearby right field favored the Babe's left-handed power. For right-handed hitters, its deep left and center fields were almost impossible to get a home run: Mickey Mantle recalled that he and Whitey Ford witnessed many blasts that DiMaggio hit that would have been home runs anywhere else, but, at the Stadium, were merely long outs (Ruth himself fell victim to that problem, as he also hit many long fly outs to center). Bill James calculated that DiMaggio lost more home runs due to his home park than any other player in history. Left-center field went as far back as 457 ft, compared to ballparks today where left-center rarely reaches 380 ft. A perfect illustration of this is the famous Al Gionfriddo's catch in the 1947 World Series, which was close to the 415 foot mark in left-center. Had it happened in the Yankees current ballpark, it would have been well into the seats for a home run. To illustrate, DiMaggio hit 148 home runs in 3,360 at-bats at home, and in contrast, he hit 213 home runs in 3,461 at-bats on the road. His slugging percentage at home was .546, and on the road, it was .610. Expert statistician, Bill Jenkinson, made a statement on these statistics:
For example, Joe DiMaggio was acutely handicapped by playing at Yankee Stadium. Every time he batted in his home field during his entire career, he did so knowing that it was physically impossible for him to hit a home run to the half of the field directly in front of him. If you look at a baseball field from foul line to foul line, it has a 90-degree radius. From the power alley in left center field (430 in Joe's time) to the fence in deep right center field (407 ft), it is 45-degrees. And Joe DiMaggio never hit a single home run over the fences at Yankee Stadium in that 45-degree graveyard. It was just too far. Joe was plenty strong; he routinely hit balls in the 425-foot range. But that just wasn't good enough in cavernous Yankee Stadium. Like Ruth, he benefited from a few easy homers each season due to the short foul line distances. But he lost many more than he gained by constantly hitting long fly outs toward center field. Whereas most sluggers perform better on their home fields, DiMaggio hit only 41 percent of his career home runs in the Bronx. He hit 148 homers at Yankee Stadium. If he had hit the same exact pattern of batted balls with a typical modern stadium as his home, he would have belted about 225 homers during his home field career.In 1947, Boston Red Sox owner Tom Yawkey and Yankees GM Larry MacPhail verbally agreed to trade DiMaggio for Ted Williams, but MacPhail refused to include Yogi Berra.[8]
[edit] Wartime
DiMaggio enlisted in the United States Army Air Forces on February 17, 1943, rising to the rank of sergeant. He was stationed at Santa Ana, California; Hawaii; and Atlantic City, New Jersey as a physical education instructor. He was discharged in September 1945.Giuseppe and Rosalia DiMaggio were among the thousands of German, Japanese and Italian immigrants classified as "enemy aliens" by the government after Pearl Harbor was bombed by Japan. They had to carry photo ID booklets at all times, and were not allowed to travel outside a five mile radius from their home without a permit. Giuseppe was barred from the San Francisco Bay, where he had fished for decades, and his boat was seized. Rosalia became an American citizen in 1944; Giuseppe in 1945.
[edit] Married life
[edit] Dorothy Arnold
In January 1937, DiMaggio met actress Dorothy Arnold on the set of Manhattan Merry-Go-Round, in which he had a minor role and she was an extra. They married at San Francisco's St. Peter and Paul Church on November 19, 1939, as 20,000 well-wishers jammed the streets. Their son, Joseph Paul DiMaggio III was born at Doctors Hospital on October 23, 1941.[9][edit] Marilyn Monroe
DiMaggio biographer Richard Ben Cramer asserts that their marriage was filled with "violence"[citation needed]. One typical forceful incident occurred immediately after the skirt-blowing scene in The Seven Year Itch which was filmed on September 14, 1954 in front of New York's Trans-Lux Theater. Then-20th Century Fox's East Coast correspondent Bill Kobrin told the Palm Springs Desert Sun that it was Billy Wilder's idea to turn the shoot into a media circus. The couple then had a "yelling battle" in the theater lobby.[10] She filed for divorce on grounds of mental cruelty 274 days after the wedding.
On August 1, 1956 International News wire photo of DiMaggio with Lee Meriwether speculated that the couple was engaged, but Cramer wrote that it was a rumor started by Walter Winchell. Monroe biographer Donald Spoto wrote that DiMaggio was "very close to marrying" 1957 Miss America Marian McKnight, who won the crown with a Marilyn Monroe act, but McKnight denied it.[11] He was also linked to Liz Renay, Cleo Moore, Rita Gam, Marlene Dietrich, and Gloria DeHaven during this period, and to Elizabeth Ray and Morgan Fairchild years later, but he never publicly confirmed any involvement with any woman.
DiMaggio re-entered Monroe's life as her marriage to Arthur Miller was ending. On February 10, 1961, he secured her release from Payne Whitney Psychiatric Clinic. She joined him in Florida where he was a batting coach for the Yankees. Their "just friends" claim did not stop remarriage rumors from flying. Reporters staked out her apartment building. Bob Hope "dedicated" Best Song nominee "The Second Time Around" to them at the 33rd Academy Awards.
According to Maury Allen, DiMaggio was so alarmed at how Monroe had fallen in with people he felt detrimental to her well-being, he quit his job with a military post-exchange supplier on August 1, 1962 to ask her to remarry him; she was found dead on August 5. DiMaggio's son, Joe Jr., had spoken to Monroe on the phone the night of her death, and had claimed she seemed fine.[12] Her death was deemed a probable suicide but has been the subject of endless conspiracy theories. Devastated, he claimed her body and arranged her funeral, barring Hollywood's elite. He had a half-dozen red roses delivered 3 times a week to her crypt for 20 years.[13] Unlike her other two husbands or others who knew her (or claimed to), he refused to talk about her publicly or otherwise exploit their relationship. He never married again.
[edit] Advertising
In the 1970s, DiMaggio was a spokesman for Mr. Coffee, becoming the face for Mr.Coffee electric coffee makers for over 20 years. Also in the 1970s DiMaggio had a 20-year run as spokesman for The Bowery Savings Bank.[edit] Death
On 11 March 1999, DiMaggio's funeral was held at Sts. Peter and Paul Roman Catholic Church in San Francisco [15] DiMaggio's son died that August at age 57. [16] DiMaggio is interred at Holy Cross Cemetery in Colma, California.
[edit] Sports legacy
At his death in 1999, the New York Times called DiMaggio's 56-game hitting streak in 1941, "perhaps the most enduring record in sports".[13] During the hitting streak, DiMaggio had a batting average of .408, 15 home runs, and 55 runs batted in. After the streak ended, DiMaggio began a 16-game hitting streak. DiMaggio would hit safely in 72 of 73 games, another record.[17]In an article in 1976 in Esquire magazine, sportswriter Harry Stein published an "All Time All-Star Argument Starter," consisting of five ethnic baseball teams. Joe DiMaggio was the center fielder on Stein's Italian team.
On September 17, 1992, the Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital at Memorial Regional Hospital in Hollywood, Florida, opened, for which he raised over $4,000,000.[13]
Yankee Stadium's fifth monument was dedicated to DiMaggio on April 25, 1999, and the West Side Highway was officially renamed in his honor. The Yankees wore DiMaggio's number 5 on the left sleeves of their uniforms for the 1999 season. He is ranked #11 on The Sporting News' list of the 100 Greatest Baseball Players, and was elected by fans to the Major League Baseball All-Century Team.
An auction of DiMaggio's personal items was held on May 19–20, 2006 by the adopted daughters of DiMaggio's son. Highlights included: the ball hit to break Wee Willie Keeler's hitting-streak record ($63,250); 2,000th career hit ball ($29,900); 1947 Most Valuable Player Award ($281,750); uniform worn in the 1951 World Series ($195,500); Hall of Fame ring ($69,000); photograph Marilyn autographed "I love you Joe" ($80,500); her passport ($115,000); their marriage certificate ($23,000). The event netted a total of $4.1 million.
He was pictured with his son on the cover of the inaugural issue of SPORT magazine in September, 1946.[18]
In addition to his number 5 being retired by the New York Yankees, DiMaggio's number is also retired by the Florida Marlins, who retired it in honor of their first team president, Carl Barger, who died 5 months before the team took the field for the first time in 1993. DiMaggio had been his favorite player.
[edit] In popular culture
[edit] Animation
- Boobs in the Woods: Daffy Duck tricks a befuddled Porky Pig to "Slide, DiMaggio, slide!" into a puddle of mud
[edit] Art
- Pierre Bellocq's "Canvas of Stars" mural for Gallagher's Steak House (2006) [19]
- Devon Dikeou's "Marilyn Monroe Wanted to be Buried in Pucci" installation (2008) [20]
- Harvey Dinnerstein's "The Wide Swing" (1979) sold at auction for $95,000 [21]
- Curt Flood's painting of DiMaggio sold at auction for $9,500 [22]
- Bart Forbes's illustration of DiMaggio for the July 1999 Boy's Life
- Zenos Frudakis's bronze sculpture of DiMaggio for the Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital [23]
- Bill Gallo drew DiMaggio for the New York Daily News; a caricature of DiMaggio and Ted Williams sold at auction for $750 [24]
- Red Grooms's "Joltin' Joe Takes a Swing" (1985–1988) [25]
- Stephen Holland's giclee "Joe DiMaggio" (2005)
- Armand LaMontagne's 1991 giclee of DiMaggio sold at auction for $325 [26]
- Tommy McDonald's paintings of DiMaggio sold at auction for $4,000 ,[27] and $2,300 [21]
- Willard Mullin's 1936 drawing of DiMaggio sold at auction for $2,600 [24]
- LeRoy Neiman's mixed media "Joe DiMaggio-San Francisco Seals" (1989), and painting "The DiMaggio Cut" (1998)
- Hanoch Piven's "Joe DiMaggio" (2006) for his book What Athletes are Made Of (ISBN 1-4169-1002-6)
- Bruce Stark's caricature of DiMaggio and Mickey Mantle sold at auction for $700 [28]
- Mark Ulriksen's illustration of DiMaggio for the cover of the 12 April 1999 The New Yorker
- Susan Dorothea White's "The Crowning with Sexism" (1994), DiMaggio appears behind Marilyn Monroe
[edit] Comics/Graphic Novels
- DC Comics' 100 Bullets by Brian Azzarello and Eduardo Risso:
- Harvey Comics' Babe Ruth Sports Comics (August 1949) [31]
- Parents' Magazine's True Comics #71 (May 1948) [32]
- Revolutionary Comics' "Baseball Legends: Joe DiMaggio" (July 1992) [33]
[edit] Film
- A League Of Their Own: A scout states that Marla "has an eye like DiMaggio"
- Farewell, My Lovely: Marlowe follows DiMaggio's hitting streak
- Mighty Aphrodite: Lenny references DiMaggio's hitting streak
- Quiz Show: Van Doren tells Freedman that, as a kid, he wanted to be DiMaggio
- Ride 'Em Cowboy: Willoughby references DiMaggio
- Wonder Boys: James steals the jacket Marilyn Monroe wore the day she married DiMaggio from Gaskell, who is obsessed with the DiMaggio-Monroe marriage
- "Dutch Seymour" in Paddy Chayefsky's The Goddess (Lloyd Bridges)
- "The Ballplayer" in Insignificance (Gary Busey)
[edit] Literature
- World's Fair by E. L. Doctorow: Edgar idolizes DiMaggio
- The Old Man and the Sea by Ernest Hemingway: Santiago idolizes DiMaggio
[edit] Based on him
- "Buck Wischnewski" in Alvah Bessie's novel The Symbol
- "The Athlete" in Joyce Carol Oates's novel Blonde
[edit] Music
- Tori Amos's "Father Lucifer" references DiMaggio and Marilyn Monroe
- Billy Bragg and Woody Guthrie's "DiMaggio Done It Again"
- Les Brown & His Band of Renown's "Joltin' Joe DiMaggio" [34]
- Diesel Boy's "She's My Queen" references DiMaggio and Marilyn Monroe
- John Fogerty's Centerfield references DiMaggio
- Billy Joel's "We Didn't Start the Fire" references DiMaggio
- Bon Jovi's "Captain Crash & the Beauty Queen From Mars" references DiMaggio and Marilyn Monroe
- Madonna's "Vogue" references DiMaggio and Marilyn Monroe
- Man From Delmonte's "Beautiful People" references DiMaggio and Marilyn Monroe
- Jennifer Lopez's "I'm Gonna be Alright" references DiMaggio and Marilyn Monroe
- Mike Plume's "DiMaggio"
- Rodgers and Hammerstein's "Bloody Mary" from South Pacific "skin as tender as DiMaggio's glove"
- Abie Rotenberg's "The Great Joe DiMaggio's Card"
- Simon & Garfunkel's "Mrs. Robinson" references DiMaggio
- Sleeper's "Romeo Me" references DiMaggio and Marilyn Monroe
- Tom Waits's "A Sight For Sore Eyes" references DiMaggio
[edit] Television
 | Lists of miscellaneous information should be avoided. Please relocate any relevant information into appropriate sections or articles. (August 2010) |
- The Carol Burnett Show: Harvey Korman as DiMaggio in a Mr. Coffee spoof (Season 8, Episode 23)
- Frasier: "Room Full of Heroes", Martin dresses as DiMaggio, his boyhood hero
- I Love Lucy: "Lucy is Enceinte", Fred gives Lucy a baseball signed by DiMaggio
- Mad Men: "Six Month Leave", Hollis tells Peggy and Draper that he is thinking of DiMaggio in the wake of Monroe's death
- M*A*S*H: "Pressure Points", Potter references DiMaggio's retirement during a conversation with Dr. Freedman
- The Name's the Same: "12 January 1954", two contestants' actual names were Joe DiMaggio and Marilyn Monroe
- Saturday Night Live: Jimmy Fallon as DiMaggio and Charlize Theron as Monroe (Season 26, Episode 4)
- Second City Television: Bill Murray as DiMaggio in faux commercial "DiMaggio's on the Wharf" with Eugene Levy as Dom DiMaggio, and Martin Short as Vince DiMaggio (Series 4, Cycle 3-9)
- Seinfeld: "The Note", Kramer insists to Jerry, George, and Elaine that DiMaggio patronizes Dinky Donuts
- The Simpsons: "'Tis The Fifteenth Season", Mr. Burns gives Homer a DiMaggio rookie card
- Star Trek: The Next Generation: "The Big Goodbye", Sisko's favorite player breaks DiMaggio's hitting streak record [35]
[edit] Based on him
| | Lists of miscellaneous information should be avoided. Please relocate any relevant information into appropriate sections or articles. (August 2010) |
- "The Baseball Player" in Blonde (2001) CBS miniseries (Titus Welliver)
- "Lance Tucker" in the Quincy, M.E. episode "A Star Is Dead" (Season 1, Episode 3)
- "Buck Wischnewski" in The Sex Symbol (1974) ABC (William Smith)
