Number prefix
Contents[show] |
[edit] Table of number prefixes in English
In the following prefixes, a final vowel is normally dropped before a root that begins with a vowel, with the exceptions of bi-, which is bis- before a vowel, and of the other monosyllables, du-, di-, dvi-, tri-, which are invariable.The cardinal series are derived from cardinal numbers, such as English one, two, three. The multiple series are based on adverbial numbers like English once, twice, thrice. The distributives originally meant one each, two each or one by one, two by two, etc., though that meaning is now frequently lost. The ordinal series is based on ordinal numbers such as English first, second, third. For numbers higher than 2, the ordinal forms are also used for fractions; only the fraction ½ has special forms.
For the hundreds, there are competing forms: those in -gent-, from the original Latin, and those in -cent-, derived from centi- etc. plus the prefixes for 1–9.
Number | Latin prefixes | Greek prefixes | Sanskrit[1] | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cardinal | Multiple | Distributive | Ordinal | Cardinal | Multiple | ||
½ | semi- | demi-[2] | — | hemi- | |||
1 | uni- | sim-[3] | singul- | prim- | hen-[4] | mono-, haplo-[4] | eka- |
1½ | sesqui- | ||||||
2 | du- | bi-, bis- | bin- | second- | di-, dy- | dis- | dvi- |
3 | tri- | ter- | tern- | terti- | tri- | tris- | tri- |
4 | quadri-, quadru-[5] | quater- | quatern- | quart- | tetra- | tetrakis- | chatur- |
5 | quinque- | quin-, quinquen- | quinti- | penta- | pentakis- | pancha- | |
6 | sexa-[6] | sen- | sext- | hexa- | hexakis- | shat- | |
7 | septem-, septi- | septen- | septim- | hepta- | heptakis- | sapta- | |
8 | octo- | octon- | octav- | ogdo-, octa-, octo- | octakis- | ashta- | |
9 | novem- | noven- | nona- | ennea- | enneakis- | navam- | |
10 | decem-, dec- | den- | decim- | deca- | decakis- | dasham- | |
11 | undec-, unden-, undecim- | hendeca- | undecakis- | ekadasham- | |||
12 | duodec- | duoden- | duodecim- | dodeca- | dodecakis- | dvadasham- | |
13 | tredec-, etc. | triskaideca- | tridecakis- | trayodasham- | |||
14 | quattuordec- | tetrakaideca- | tetradecakis- | chaturdasham- | |||
15 | quinquadec-, quindec- | pentakaideca- | pentadecakis- | panchadasham- | |||
16 | sedec-, sexdec- (but hexadecimal[6]) | hexakaideca-, hexadeca- | hexadecakis- | ||||
17 | septendec- | heptakaideca- | |||||
18 | octodec- | octakaideca- | |||||
19 | novemdec-, novendec- | enneakaideca- | |||||
20* | viginti- | vicen-, vigen- | vigesim- | icosa-, icosi-, eicosa- | eicosakis- | ||
30 | triginti- | tricen- | trigesim- | triaconta- | |||
40 | quadraginti- | quadragen- | quadragesim- | tetraconta- | |||
50 | quinquaginti- | quinquagen- | quinquagesim- | pentaconta- | |||
60 | sexaginti- | sexagen- | sexagesima- | hexaconta- | |||
70 | septuaginti- | septuagen- | septuagesima- | heptaconta- | |||
80 | octogint- | octogen- | octogesim- | octaconta- | |||
90 | nonagint- | nonagen- | nonagesim- | enneaconta- | |||
100 | centi- | centen- | centesim- | hecato-, hecatont- | |||
200 | ducenti- | ducen-, bicenten- | |||||
300 | trecenti- | trecen-, tercenten-, tricenten- | |||||
400 | quadringenti- | quadringen-, quatercenten-, quadricenten- | |||||
500 | quingenti-, quincenti- | quingen-, quingenten-, quincenten- | |||||
600 | sescenti-, sexcenti- | sescen-, sexcenten- | hexacosioi- | ||||
700 | septingenti- | septingen-, septingenten-, septcenten- | |||||
800 | octingenti- | octingen-, octingenten-, octocenten- | |||||
900 | nongenti- | nongen- | |||||
1000 | milli- | millen- | millesim- | chili- | |||
10,000 | — | myria- |