John M. Deutch

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See also: John James Deutsch

John Mark Deutch
17th Director of Central Intelligence
In office May 10, 1995 – December 15, 1996
President	Bill Clinton
Preceded by	R. James Woolsey, Jr.
Succeeded by	George Tenet
Born	July 27, 1938 Brussels, Belgium

John Mark Deutch (born July 27, 1938) is an American chemist and civil servant. He was the United States Deputy Secretary of Defense from 1994 to 1995 and Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) from May 10, 1995 until December 14, 1996. He is presently an Institute Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and serves on the Board of Directors of Citigroup, Cummins, Raytheon, and Schlumberger Ltd. Deutch is also a member of the Trilateral Commission.^[1]

Contents [hide] 1 Background 2 CIA career 3 Sources 4 External links

[edit] Background

Deutch was born in Brussels, Belgium, to a Russian Jewish father. He graduated from the Sidwell Friends School in Washington, DC and earned a bachelor's degree in History and Economics from Amherst College. In 1961, he earned an B.S. degree in Chemical Engineering and, in 1966, he earned a PhD in Chemistry, both from MIT. He holds honorary degrees from Amherst College, University of Massachusetts at Lowell, and Northeastern University.
From 1977 to 1980, he served in several positions for the U.S. Department of Energy: as Director of Energy Research, Acting Assistant Secretary for Energy Technology, and Undersecretary of the Department. In 1978, Deutch published two physical-chemistry papers (in, Combustion and Flame, 1,223;31,215) on the mechanism of the Fuel/Air Explosive (FAE), a thermobaric weapon. He served as the provost of MIT from 1985 - 1990. As MIT Dean of Science and Provost, Deutch both formed and disbanded the Department of Applied Biological Sciences, including its toxicology faculty.

[edit] CIA career

In 1995, President Bill Clinton appointed him Director of Central Intelligence (cabinet rank in the Clinton administration). However, Deutch was initially reluctant to accept the appointment. As head of the CIA, Deutch continued the policy of his predecessor R. James Woolsey to declassify records pertaining to U.S. covert operations during the Cold War.^[2] He put restraints on what he considered to be politically incorrect agent recruitment and sought to encourage more diversity at the Agency in order to include more women and minorities in its ranks.^[3]
Soon after Deutch's departure from the CIA in 1996 it was revealed that classified materials were being kept on several of Deutch's laptop computers designated as unclassified. In January 1997, the CIA began a formal security investigation of the matter. Senior management at CIA declined to fully pursue the security breach. Over two years after his departure, the matter was referred to the Department of Justice, where Attorney General Janet Reno declined prosecution. She did, however, recommend an investigation to determine whether Deutch should retain his security clearance.^[4] President Clinton pardoned Deutch on his last day in office.^[5]

[edit] Sources

1. ^ [1]
2. ^ "CIA's Historical Review Program", National Archives (NARA) electronic collections
3. ^ "PC and the CIA", jewishworldreview.com, March 2, 2005
4. ^ Central Intelligence Agency Inspector General Report of Investigation Improper Handling of Classified Information By John M. Deutch, February 18, 2000
5. ^ Ross, Sonya, "Clinton Pardons More Than 100", Washington Post, January 20, 2001

[edit] External links

• Deutch's MIT Biography
• "Nora Slatkin's Mission Impossible: The CIA," BusinessWeek, Feb. 26, 1996 (About the CIA executive director hired by Deutch to improve diversity at the CIA.)
• "Back-stabbing, CIA-style", Salon, Feb. 3, 2000
• "Who was John Deutch spying for?, disinformation.com, Oct. 18, 2000

Political offices
Preceded by William Perry	United States Deputy Secretary of Defense 1994–1995	Succeeded by John P. White
Government offices
Preceded by R. James Woolsey, Jr.	Director of Central Intelligence May 10, 1995-December 15, 1996	Succeeded by George Tenet

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[show] v • d • e Provosts of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Julius Adams Stratton (1949) · Charles Hard Townes (1961) · Jerome Wiesner (1966) · Walter A. Rosenblith (1971) · Francis E. Low (1980) · John M. Deutch (1985) · Mark S. Wrighton (1990) · Joel Moses (1995) · Robert A. Brown (1998) · L. Rafael Reif (2005)

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Persondata
Name	Deutch, John M.
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	July 27, 1938
Place of birth	Brussels, Belgium
Date of death
Place of death

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_M._Deutch"

Categories: 1938 births | Belgian immigrants to the United States | Amherst College alumni | American people of Belgian descent | American people of Russian descent | Clinton administration controversies | Directors of the Central Intelligence Agency | Naturalized citizens of the United States | Jewish American politicians | Living people | Harvard University people | Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni | Massachusetts Institute of Technology provosts | Recipients of American presidential pardons | United States Deputy Secretaries of Defense

Alpha 66

Alpha 66 are an anti-communist organization, formed by Cuban exiles in Puerto Rico in 1961, in opposition to Fidel Castro. The founder and first leader, Nazario Sargen, was a former member of the 26th of July Movementleft-wing. The group trained during the 1960s and 1970s in the Everglades for an eventual armed invasion of Cuba. Though an invasion never materialized after the failed Bay of Pigs invasion, the group continued its violent efforts against the Cuban communistMiami Police's Lieutenant Thomas Lyons and Detective Raul J. Diaz testified that groups including Alpha 66 had international terrorist ties and had sold $100 "bonds" in Miami to help finance their causes. The group was linked to a spate of bombings and assassinations in Miami during the 1970s, directed at Pro-Castro speakers. No Alpha 66 member was convicted of these crimes, however; and other terrorist groups, such as Omega 7 and CORU, were active in Miami at the same time. A week before Lyons and Diaz's testimony, broadcaster Emilio Milian's legs were blown off by a car bomb outside his workplace.^[1] organization led by Fidel Castro, suggesting that their politics may have been government. In 1976,

Alpha 66 continues to be an organized entity.^[2] The current leader of this paramilitary group is Ferdinand de Montejo, who currently resides in Hollywood, Florida.

Contents

[hide]

• 1 In popular culture
• 2 See also
• 3 References
• 4 External links

National Security Act of 1947

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President Truman signs the National Security Act Amendment of 1949 in the Oval Office.

The National Security Act of 1947 (Pub. L. No. 235, 80 Cong., 61 Stat. 496, 50 U.S.C. ch.15) was signed by United States President Harry S. Truman on July 26, 1947, and realigned and reorganized the U.S. Armed Forces, foreign policy, and Intelligence Community apparatus in the aftermath of World War II. The majority of the provisions of the Act took effect on September 18, 1947, the day after the Senate confirmed James Forrestal as the first Secretary of Defense. His power was extremely limited and it was difficult for him to exercise the authority to make his office effective. This was later changed in the amendment to the act in 1949, creating what was to be the Department of Defense.^[1]

President Truman signed the National Security Act of 1947 onboard this VC-54C Presidential transport, the first aircraft used for the role of Air Force One. (At the time it was not painted with "U.S. Air Force" because it belonged to the USAAF.)

The Act merged the Department of War and the Department of the Navy into the National Military Establishment, headed by the Secretary of Defense. It was also responsible for the creation of a separate Department of the Air Force from the existing Army Air Forces. Initially, each of the three service secretaries maintained quasi-cabinet status, but the act was amended on August 10, 1949, to assure their subordination to the Secretary of Defense. At the same time, the NME was renamed as the Department of Defense. The purpose was to unify the Army, Navy, and what was soon to become the Air Force into a federated structure.^[2]

Aside from the military reorganization, the act established the National Security Council, a central place of coordination for national security policy in the executive branch, and the Central Intelligence Agency, the U.S.'s first peacetime intelligence agency. The function of the council was to advise the president on domestic, foreign, and military policies so that they may cooperate more tightly and efficiently. Departments in the government were encouraged to voice their opinions to the council in order to make a more sound decision.^[3]

The Joint Chiefs of Staff was officially established under Title II, Section 211 of the original National Security Act of 1947 before Sections 209–214 of Title II were repealed by the law enacting Title 10 and Title 32, United States Code (Act of August 10, 1956, 70A Stat. 676) to replace them.

The act and its changes, along with the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan, were major components of the Truman administration's Cold War strategy.

The bill signing took place aboard Truman's VC-54C presidential aircraft Sacred Cow, the first aircraft used for the role of Air Force One.^[4]

[edit] References

1. ^ Kinnard, Douglas. "The Secretary of Defense in Retrospect." The Secretary of Defense. Lexington: University of Kentucky, 1980. 192-93. Print.
2. ^ Cambone, Stephen A. "The National Security Act of 1947– 26 July 1947." A New Structure for National Security Policy Planning. Washington, D.C.: CSIS, 1998. 228-32. Print.
3. ^ Cambone, Stephen A. "The National Security Act of 1947– 26 July 1947." A New Structure for National Security Policy Planning. Washington, D.C.: CSIS, 1998. 228-32. Print.
4. ^ Fact Sheets : National Security Act of 1947 : National Security Act of 1947

[edit] External links

• text at the United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence
• information at the Department of State
• bibliography of sources relating to the Act, including many links to online, public-domain sources

[hide] v • d • e Major US Intelligence Reforms National Security Act of 1947 (1947) • The First Hoover Commission - Eberstadt Report (1947) •The Dulles-Jackson-Correa Report (1949) • The Second Hoover Commission (1953) •The Doolittle Report (1954) • The Bruce-Lovett Report (1956) • The Taylor Report (1961) •The Kirkpatrick Report (1961) • The Schlesinger Report (1971) • The Murphey Investigation (794) •The Rockefeller Commission (1975) • The Church Committee (1976) • The Pike Committee (1976) •Clifford/Cline Proposals (1976) • EO 11905 (Ford) (1976) • Charter Legislation (1978) •EO 12036 (Carter) (1978) • EO 12333 (Reagan) (1981) • Iran-Contra Investigation (1987) •Boren-McCurdy (1992) • Aspen-Brown Commission (1995) • IC21 (1996) •US Commission on National Security/21st Century (2001) • 9/11 Commission Report (2004) •WMD Commission (2005) • EO 13470 (G. W. Bush) (2008) •

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Security_Act_of_1947"

Categories: United States National Security Council | 1947 in law | History of the United States (1945–1964) | United States federal defense and national security legislation | Intelligence gathering law | 80th United States Congress

Michael Morell

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Michael Morell is the current Deputy Director of the Central Intelligence Agency. In May 2010, Morell was sworn in as the Deputy Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, succeeding Stephen Kappes.^[1]

Morell is a native of Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio. ^[2] He joined the CIA in 1980. He was chief of the CIA's division on Asia, Pacific and Latin America. ^[3] Most of his work in the agency was devoted to Asian projects.^[2] He also managed the staff that produced the Presidential Daily Briefings for President Bill Clinton.^[2][3] Morell was most recently as Director for Intelligence, a position he held since 2008. He served as the CIA's first Associate Deputy Director from 2006-2008.

[edit] References

1. ^ CNN.com: CIA deputy director steps down
2. ^ ^{a b c} Dyer, Bob (2006-08-17). "Here's the dossier on new No. 3 guy at the CIA: Cuyahoga Falls native, UA grad says spy agency wasn't part of original career plan.". Akron Beacon Journal. Ohio. 
3. ^ ^{a b} "Biography for Michael Morell". Silobreaker. 2006-07-24. http://beta.silobreaker.com/FactSheetReader.aspx?Item=5_614014976. Retrieved 2007-07-21. 

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Categories: Living people | People of the Central Intelligence Agency | Counter-terrorism | National security institutions | People from Akron, Ohio | United States government biography stubs