Heavenly host
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For the robotic angels in Doctor Who, see List of Doctor Who robots#The Host.
Heavenly host refers in the Bible to an "army" (Luk.2:13; Rev.19:19) of good angels in Heaven. It is led either by the Archangel Michael, or by Yahweh himself.
Most descriptions of angels in the Bible describe them in military terms, such as encampment (Gen.32:1-2), command structure (Ps.91:11-12; Matt.13:41; Rev.7:2), and combat (Jdg.5:20; Job 19:12; Rev.12:7).
Its specific hierarchy differs slightly from the Hierarchy of Angels as it surrounds more military services, whereas the Hierarchy of angels is a division of angels into non-military services to God.
The heavenly host participate in the War in Heaven and, according to some interpretations, will battle Satan and Satan's own army at the End of Days and be victorious.
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[edit] Biblical accounts
[edit] Book of Joshua
In the Joshua 5:13-15, Joshua encounters a numinous "captain of the host of the Lord" in the early days of his campaigns in the Promised Land. This unnamed heavenly messenger (traditionally said to have been the Archangel Michael) is of supernatural and holy origin, likely sent by God:
Once when Joshua was near Jericho, he looked up and saw a man standing before him with a drawn sword in his hand. Joshua went to him and said to him, ‘Are you one of us, or one of our adversaries?’ He replied, ‘Neither; but as commander of the army of the Lord I have now come.’ And Joshua fell on his face to the earth and worshipped, and he said to him, ‘What do you command your servant, my lord?’ The commander of the army of the Lord said to Joshua, ‘Remove the sandals from your feet, for the place where you stand is holy.’ And Joshua did so.
[edit] Organization of the Heavenly Host
[edit] Cherubim
Main article: Cherub
Cherubim are depicted as accompanying God's chariot-throne (Ps.80:1). Exodus 25:18-22 refers to two Cherub statues placed on top of the Ark of the Covenant, the two cherubim are usually interpreted as guarding the throne of God. Other guard-like duties include being posted in locations such as the gates of Eden (Gen.3:24). Cherubim were mythological winged bulls or other beasts that were part of ancient Near Eastern traditions.[1]
[edit] Archangels
Main article: Archangel
This angelic designation might be given to angels of various ranks. An example would be Raphael who is ranked variously as a Seraph, Cherub, and Archangel [2]. This is usually a result of conflicting schemes of hierarchies of angels.
[edit] Angels
Main article: Angel
It is not known how many angels there are but one figure given in Revelation 5:11 for the number of "many angels in a circle around the throne, as well as the living creatures and the elders" was "ten thousand times ten thousand", which would be 100 million.
[edit] Angelic combat
During the Rebellion, Satan's forces were defeated by the Heavenly Host led by Archangel Michael (Rev.12:7-9).
Satan and his followers are believed to have or have had access to the throne of God, a freedom that the devil uses or used to accuse the followers of God (Zech.3:1; Job 1 & 2; Rev.12:10). Some believe that open warfare has already occurred and Satan is bound to hell, others believe that open warfare will not break out in heaven until the tribulational period (Rev.19:11-21) when the heavenly host will be commanded by Christ.
[edit] Lord of Hosts
In the Hebrew Bible, the name YHWH and the title Elohim frequently occur with the word tzevaot or sabaoth ("hosts" or "armies", Hebrew: צבאות) as YHWH Elohe Tzevaot ("YHWH God of Hosts"), Elohe Tzevaot ("God of Hosts"), Adonai YHWH Tzevaot ("Lord YHWH of Hosts") or, most frequently, YHWH Tzevaot ("YHWH of Hosts"). This name is traditionally transliterated in Latin as Sabaoth, a form that will be more familiar to many English readers, as it was used in the King James Version of the Bible.
The term "Lord of Hosts" is also used in the Bahá'í Faith as a title of God [1]. Bahá'u'lláh, claiming to be the mouthpiece of God, wrote letters to kings and is published as Summons of the Lord of Hosts.
[edit] In literature
In the English epic poem Paradise Lost by John Milton, the Archangel Michael commands the army of angels loyal to God against the rebel forces of Satan. Armed with a sword from God's armory, he bests Satan in personal combat, wounding his side.[3]
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible, by David Noel Freedman, Allen C. Myers, Astrid B. Beck; contributors: David Noel Freedman, Allen C. Myers, Astrid B. Beck (Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 2000 ISBN 0-8028-2400-5, 9780802824004), s.v. Cherubim
- ^ Davidson, Gustav (1994) [1967]. A Dictionary of Fallen Angels, Including the Fallen Angels. New York, NY: Macmillan, Inc.. ISBN 9780029070529.
- ^ John Milton, Paradise Lost 1674 Book VI line 320
- The Bible
- Bahá'u'lláh (2002). The Summons of the Lord of Hosts. Haifa Israel: Bahá'í World Centre. ISBN 0-85398-976-1. http://reference.bahai.org/en/t/b/SLH/.